Why Do the Largest #UMC's Lack Female Pastors?

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The following is an entry in "Hacking Christianity's" Big Data and the UMC series: how data can help disrupt false narratives in the Church.

It is often claimed that, because the United Methodist Church has female clergy and female Bishops, we have broken the stained glass ceiling. However, a study of the most recently-available numbers and pastoral leadership in the UMC tells of at least one stained glass ceiling still present in the largest of the UMC’s local churches.

The Top Only Four

Pictured above is Rev. Dr. Karen Oliveto, Senior Pastor of Glide Memorial United Methodist Church in San Francisco, California. She is a rarity in the UMC, not only in her talent and ability…but also due to a unique combination of her gender and her status.

You see, Dr. Oliveto is one of the only two women who serve as Senior Pastors in the Top 100 United Methodist Churches (by attendance).

There are 207,700 United Methodists that worship on an average Sunday at the top 100 United Methodist Churches in America. Out of those, only 2% of them worship with a female senior pastor in charge of the order of that local church.

In fact, of the 177 United Methodist churches that have over 1,000 people on an average Sunday morning, only four have female senior pastors:

  1. Karen Oliveto, Glide Memorial UMC, California (appointed 2008)
  2. Juanita Rasmus, St. John’s Downtown Houston, Texas (began 1992 – co-senior pastor with Rudy Rasmus)
  3. Deborah McLeod, Mandarin FUMC, Florida (appointed 2009)
  4. Linda Harker, Norman McFarlin UMC, Oklahoma (appointed 2011)

For the top 177 churches in the United Methodist Church (in America, not worldwide) to have only four women is pretty bad. 2.26%!

In a denomination that celebrates women in ministry–and has female Bishops, church executives, and all levels of the church–why are our numbers so dire when it comes to the largest of our local churches?

Why are women shut out?

This is not a new phenomenon. In 2006, the General Board of Higher Education and Ministry studied the topic and found that of the churches that worship more than 350 people on an average Sunday, men were twice as likely as women to occupy those pulpits.

But what is the root cause?

Dr. Oliveto (twitter) responded to this question with the following observation:

I think we don’t see women in our largest churches because church and society still value male leadership over female leadership. Stereotypes of who can lead–what style of leadership is valued, who is conferred authority and why—are based in cultural assumptions about gender and race.

One reason why the UMC has historically seen more women serving in local churches than other mainline denominations is in no small part due to our appointment system. A church must accept a pastoral appointment regardless of the potential pastor’s race or gender.

The appointment system breaks down around large churches. Large churches–which are organizationally more complex AND pay more–often get to pick their pastor and THEN request that the Bishop approve the appointment. This allows a congregation’s underlying sexism/racism to influence who may serve as their pastor.

Every church has to overcome a systemic level of bias away from the straight white male that has been the “traditional” pastoral image. Every. Church. Our connectional system is better equipped than call systems to take on these issues head-on, but as Dr. Oliveto said, it is when our connectional systems become more like call systems that such biases become more manifest. It takes a willingness by the Bishop and the local church leadership to appoint someone transformative–a willingness that is not always present.

We can do better…eventually.

For female clergy, Dr. Oliveto recommends being part of a program by GBHEM that connects female clergy of larger pastorates with other female clergy in the church. By starting these mutual conversations and support, they are able to encourage one another and learn from each other. Click here for more information.

For the Church, I believe we can make two tweaks to our connectional system that will lead to a more equitable system:

  1. Church planting: Many of the largest UMC’s were relatively recent church plants and the senior pastor is the founding pastor. In many churches and conferences, women are not a high percentage of the church planters, and are rarely given a prime opportunity with lots of potential. Even if that is not the case in many areas these days, it has been in the past, and we see it in our list. For new church start planning teams to put intentional work into identifying and training women to lead these opportunities will slowly turn the numbers on their heads. Having women as planters but not giving them the same resources and opportunities as men does not count.
  2. Making Management not the Goal: The UMC does have a significant percentage of female Bishops: 15 out of 60 worldwide active Bishops (25%) are female. I don’t know of a single Annual Conference without some female DSes–even my small conference has 50% women. Do the best women clergy become District Superintendents and Bishops instead of large church pastors? Do we trust them more with being managers more than leaders of our biggest pulpits? I hope our Bishops consider training women to take the pulpits of our largest churches when transition comes naturally or is needed rather than pushing them to become Bishops instead.

Let us be clear: Giving intentional discernment, training, and equitable resources to women is not preference, gender bias, or straight-white-male-hating. It is about making the church a better place for all to have the best opportunities and removing the roadblocks to allow the Holy Spirit to nudge into place who the Spirit wants.

Thoughts?

The reality is that the UMC still has more women clergy than the largest megachurches and the largest denominations (Catholic, Southern Baptists) in the world.

We are the leading edge for women in ministry.

We just need to lead better. 

Thoughts?

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Obligatory disclaimer:

“The statistical data included herein were provided at no charge by the General Council on Finance and Administration of The United Methodist Church (GCFA) and may be obtained directly from GCFA, PO Box 340020, Nashville, TN 37203-0029. This data is proprietary and is owned by GCFA and may not be used in any commercial or exploitative way, to make a financial profit, or in a manner that defames the United Methodist denomination or its agencies or organizations. GCFA does not endorse any particular use of the data or accept responsibility for its interpretation or analysis by another.”

The Rev. Jeremy Smith is minister of discipleship for First United Methodist Church of Portland, Ore. He blogs at Hacking Christianity.